跟随误差报警阈值的动态计算

利用正交实验方法,对影响跟随误差大小的因素进行优先排序,找出关键影响因素;通过实验,分析并得出关键影响因素与跟随误差之间的关系,利用此关系提出一种跟随误差报警阈值的动态计算方法,能根据进给速度实时的计算跟随误差报警阈值。与国产数控系统中传统的以静态参数设置跟随误差报警阈值相比,该方法能减少误报次数,保证数控加工精度。     

激光预处理技术及其应用

回顾了国内在激光预处理技术研究方面取得的进展。综述了基于激光预处理技术提升基频介质膜、磷酸二氢钾/高掺氘磷酸二氢钾(KDP/DKDP)晶体等光学元件抗激光损伤性能的机理、效果和关键技术。针对高功率激光驱动器中关键光学元件激光负载能力的提高,建立了大口径光学元件激光预处理平台,实现了基频介质膜元件的激光预处理工程化作业。比较了纳秒和亚纳秒脉冲宽度激光对DKDP晶体损伤性能的影响。基于亚纳秒激光预处理后,纳秒激光辐照至14.4J/cm2(5ns)尚未出现"本征"损伤的实验结果,提出了用于DKDP晶体的亚纳秒激光预处理方案,并指出亚纳秒激光预处理技术将成为高功率激光三倍频晶体抗激光损伤性能达标的关键技术。     

苯并[1,2-d:5,4-d']二((口恶)唑)-2,6-二硫醇的合成及表征

苯并(口恶)唑类化合物是一类重要的杂环化合物,不仅在生物、医药等方面有着广泛应用,而且在光学材料、高性能复合材料等诸多领域也显现出独特的性能.以间苯二酚为原料,经过酯化反应和Fries重排、肟化反应、Beckmann重排和水解反应合成4,6-二氨基间苯二酚盐酸盐(DAR· HCl).然后以4,6-二氨基间苯二酚盐酸盐和二硫化碳为原料合成标题化合物,并且优化了过程的工艺条件,过程的总收率为37.3％.利用红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱和元素分析等分析手段对中间产物及目标化合物进行了表征.     

Precise micromachining of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic using 532 nm nanosecond laser

High quality micro-sized steps and blind hole structures without microcracks, chips or spatter deposition were machined on yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP, 3 mol% yttria) by nanosecond laser (wavelength=532 nm, pulse width ~6 ns). The diameter of blind hole is 500 μm and each step is 500±10 μm wide and 100±5 μm deep. The 1.35 mm³/min removal rate and the smooth machined surface with Ra=2.824 μm roughness depicting the high precise and efficient processing were achieved. The ablation characteristics of nanosecond laser process of Y-TZP ceramic were also studied. Based on the study, a reasonable design of the processing path for micromachining of a finer embedded step with 24±2 μm width (smaller than the 60 μm focused spot size) around the inner-wall of a 2×2 mm² cavity was developed. These results and discussion offer new possibilities in the manufacturing of bio-ceramic products by nanosecond laser with high processing quality and efficient.     

Mechanistic Studies of the Solvolyses of Carbamoyl Chlorides and Related Reactions

Carbamoyl chlorides are important intermediates, both in the research laboratory and in industrial scale syntheses. The most studied and used are the disubstituted derivatives, incorporating either aryl or alkyl groups (Ar₂NCOCl or R₂NCOCl). Sometimes, the groups are tied back to give a ring and piperidino- and morpholino-derivatives are commonly encountered. Some studies have been made with two different groups attached. Solvolyses tend to occur at the carbonyl carbon, with replacement of the chloride ion. Studies of both rate and products are reviewed and the solvolysis reactions are usually S_N1, although addition of an amine leads to a superimposable bimolecular component. Many of the studies under solvolytic conditions include the application of the extended Grunwald–Winstein equation. The monosubstituted derivatives (ArNHCOCl or RNHCOCl) are less studied. They are readily prepared by the addition of HCl to an isocyanate. In acetonitrile, they decompose to set up and reach equilibrium with the isocyanate (ArNCO or RNCO) and HCl. Considering that the structurally related formyl chloride (HOCOCl) is highly unstable (with formation of HCl + CO₂), the unsubstituted carbamoyl chloride (H₂NCOCl) is remarkably stable. Recommended synthetic procedures require it to survive reaction temperatures in the 300–400 °C range. There has been very little study of its reactions.     

光纤光栅反射率分布对外腔半导体激光器的影响

在三腔镜近似的条件下,利用等效腔模型,完成了光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器(FBGECL)的理论建模。利用光纤布拉格光栅相关理论,对FBG-ECL模型进行了修正,着重考虑了光纤布拉格光栅的反射率分布、中心波长偏移以及边模抑制比对FBG-ECL性能的影响。对FBG-ECL的等效反射率、阈值增益和线宽特性进行了数值分析。结果表明,在考虑光纤布拉格光栅中心波长与设计波长偏移量、光栅反射率分布以及边模抑制比后,等效腔理论模型更加符合实际情况,可以更为准确地分析实际情况中FBG-ECL的相关特性,对设计应用于FBG-ECL的光纤光栅有一定的指导意义。     

基于WTD-AR谱和MEA-BPNN的轴承故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承故障诊断模型在噪声干扰下鲁棒性能差的问题,提出一种基于小波阈值去噪（WTD）、AR谱和思维进化算法（MEA）优化反向传播神经网络（BPNN）的轴承故障诊断方法。以原始振动信号为输入,采用小波方法分解重构原始信号滤除高频噪声,然后采用Burg算法估计AR模型参数提取降噪信号功率谱特征,最后将特征向量与对应标签分别作为MEA-BPNN神经网络的输入、输出进行训练,最终实现诊断。将该方法与一些先进的人工神经网络诊断方法作比较,测试该诊断模型的性能。研究结果表明：WTD-AR谱-MEA-BPNN诊断模型能够有效降低轴承振动信号的噪声干扰,实现特征增强,分辨率更高;相较于传统神经网络训练速度更快,在更短时间内甄别故障类型且识别率高。     

基于改进小波阈值-SVM的齿轮故障信号识别

针对在齿轮疲劳试验中需要多次停机拍照的问题,提出基于改进的小波域阈值降噪方法,对采集的齿轮啮合的声发射信号分析,并提取特征矢量作为支持向量机的输入特征向量,识别出故障信号,根据齿轮旋转周期,确定缺陷轮齿。与开箱拍照的记录进行对比,计算得出的问题轮齿和照片记录吻合。该方法减少了因停机拍照造成的齿轮工作数据采集不准确的问题,同时也减少了工作人员的工作量,在后续的实验中该方法得到了有效的应用。     

氯离子对9Cr马氏体钢静态腐蚀和应力腐蚀行为的影响

目的研究9Cr马氏体钢在非服役条件下的腐蚀行为。方法运用传统电化学测试和微区扫描振动电极(SVET)技术研究材料的静态腐蚀行为,采用慢应变速率动态拉伸腐蚀试验与传统电化学测试技术相结合的方法研究材料的应力腐蚀行为。结果获得常温下氯离子对马氏体钢静态腐蚀行为的影响规律,以及慢拉伸过程中材料表面钝化膜生成和破裂过程。结论马氏体钢在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀为阳极溶解型,且随着氯离子浓度的上升,局部腐蚀电流密度增大。常温下材料在含氯离子环境中发生弹性变形时,表面生成的钝化膜使材料的抗腐蚀性能升高。当材料进入塑性变形阶段后,由于金属表面缺陷的增多、颈缩区体积的收缩,以及钝化膜与基体金属塑性变形能力的差异,钝化膜逐渐溶解并发生破裂。